Calculate duty
Zonos Landed Cost는 매일 수십만 landed cost quote를 처리합니다. Duty rate는 total landed cost calculation에서 가장 complicated component 중 하나입니다. Low-value import에는 often simplified duty가 charged되거나 duty가 charged되지 않습니다.
Cross-border fee를 decode하여 ecommerce transparency를 만듭니다. Exporter가 minimum cost 및 effort로 duty 및 tax를 accurately determine하고 catalog harmonize effort를 assess하며 customer positive shopping experience를 제공할 수 있도록 transparency가 중요합니다.
Import duty calculations
Zonos는 Harmonized System (HS) code 유무와 관계없이 duty를 calculate하지만 HS code 사용은 accuracy를 improve하며 full landed cost calculation에 required합니다. Reduced rate duty discount, smaller shipment simplified rate, low-value shipment de minimis value rule을 account합니다. landed cost object에서 item별 duty rate 및 description이 제공됩니다.
{ "id": "ldct_1Ce6vt2eZvKYlo2CrgzPqxaz", "amount_subtotal": { "duties": 9.85, "fees": 21, "taxes": 29.11 }, "duties": [ { "amount": 7.5, "description": "Duty", "formula": "10%", "item_id": "294395", "note": null, "type": "item" }, { "amount": 2.35, "description": "Duty", "formula": "10%", "item_id": null, "note": null, "type": "shipping" } ]}Duty de minimis
Single shipment goods combined value가 duty de minimis(duty 및/또는 tax exempt value threshold) 미만이면 duty collection 없이 clear되지만 tax threshold가 duty threshold보다 낮으면 import tax는 collect될 수 있습니다. Country는 항상 duty threshold를 tax threshold보다 높게 설정하므로 opposite scenario는 불가능합니다.
Duty de minimis qualification은 landed cost object에 반환됩니다. Amount가 de minimis threshold 미만("threshold": "below")이면 import에 duty가 applied되지 않습니다.
{ "id": "ldct_1Ce6vt2eZvKYlo2CrgzPqxaz", "amount_subtotal": { "duties": 0, "fees": 21, "taxes": 29.11 }, "de_minimis": [ { "formula": "Less than 150 EUR", "method": "cif", "note": null, "threshold": "below", "type": "duty" } ]}Checkout, Quoter, Hello에서 request가 duty threshold 미만이면 app이 shopper에게 inform합니다.
{ "de_minimis": [ { "formula": "Less than 150 EUR", "method": "cif", "note": null, "threshold": "below", "type": "duty" }, { "formula": "Less than 22 EUR", "method": "cifd", "note": null, "threshold": "above", "type": "tax" } ]}method는 duty calculation formula를 demonstrate합니다.
Calculation methods
| Method↕ | Duty is applied to↕ |
|---|---|
| CIF | Cost + insurance + freight: A method for calculating import taxes or duties where the tax is calculated on the cost of the order plus the cost of freight, and insurance. |
| FOB | Free on board: A method for calculating import taxes or duties where the fees are calculated only on the cost of the goods sold. FOB is not calculated on the shipping, duty, insurance, etc. |
| Other | Calculated on a per-unit basis or weight-based. |
HS codes
Whether a Harmonized System (HS) code is provided or not, Zonos will calculate duty, including reduced rates, simplified rates, and the impact of de minimis values. If you do not pass an HS code in the request, the default HS code set during account creation will be used for the calculation. Duty rates are returned on a per-item basis with descriptions for the duty rates as shown in the landed cost object.
All duty charges in the landed cost calculation are derived from an HS code. If the HS code is for the wrong country (e.g., An eight-digit HS code for Canada is provided on a request for a landed cost quote intended for Ireland), the code will be trimmed to the universal six digits for calculation. The response will contain a note indicating the code was trimmed due to a mismatch.
landed cost object는 HS code calculation source hs_code_source를 포함합니다. Response HS code source 5가지 가능하며 zonos_catalog source가 precedence를 가져 item appropriate duty rate match에 사용됩니다.
| HS code source↕ | Description↕ |
|---|---|
zonos_catalog PRIORITY | The item was entered in the Zonos Catalog with an HS code. |
api_request | The HS code was sent in the API request. |
platform | The HS code was passed from your ecommerce platform. |
zonos_classified | Item was classified by the Zonos Classify product. |
account_default | The HS code applied is the default HS code that is set up in your Dashboard account. |
{ "id": "ldct_1Ce6vt2eZvKYlo2CrgzPqxaz", "customs": { "amount_shipping": 25, "delivery_duty_paid": "available", "items": [ { "id": "294395", "amount": 75, "country_of_origin": "FR", "country_of_origin_source": "api_request", "description_customs": "Footwear with outer soles of leather or composition leather", "description_retail": "Hoka One Running Shoe - Women's", "detail": null, "dimensions": { "height": 4, "length": 6, "unit": "inch", "width": 11 }, "hs_code": "6404.20", "hs_code_source": "account_default", "image_url": "https://zonos.com/images/handbag.webp", "note": null, "quantity": 1, "upc_code": null, "weight": 10, "weight_unit": "pound" }, { "id": "294396", "amount": 100, "country_of_origin": "FR", "country_of_origin_source": "platform", "description_customs": "Footwear with outer soles of leather or composition leather - For Women", "description_retail": "Hoka One Running Shoe - Men's", "detail": null, "dimensions": { "height": 4, "length": 6, "unit": "inch", "width": 11 }, "hs_code": "6404.20.20", "hs_code_source": "platform", "image_url": "https://zonos.com/images/handbag.webp", "note": null, "quantity": 1, "upc_code": null, "weight": 10, "weight_unit": "pound" }, { "id": "294397", "amount": 125, "country_of_origin": "FR", "country_of_origin_source": "platform", "description_customs": "Other footwear - With uppers of leather or composition leather", "description_retail": "Hoka One Running Shoe - Children's", "detail": null, "dimensions": { "height": 4, "length": 6, "unit": "inch", "width": 11 }, "hs_code": "6405.10", "hs_code_source": "api_request", "image_url": "https://zonos.com/images/handbag.webp", "note": "hs_code_not_found Hs code trimmed to six digits due to a mismatch", "quantity": 1, "upc_code": null, "weight": 10, "weight_unit": "pound" } ], "ship_to_country": "FR" }}Country of origin
A country of origin can impact the duty amount applied to an import due to trade agreements, laws, etc.
Country of origin는 LANDED COST REQUEST API "items" array에서 two-digit ISO code로 set할 수 있습니다. 2-digit ISO code 전체 목록은 guides ISO code reference sheet를 참조하세요.
{ "items": [ { "id": "294395", "amount": 75, "country_of_origin": "FR", "description_customs": "Telephones for cellular networks or for other wireless networks:", "description_retail": "Smartphone XL - 128 GB - Black", "hs_code": "8517.12", "quantity": 1 } ], "shipping": { "amount": 25, "landed_cost": "delivery_duty_paid" }}Catalog management
Zonos Catalog에서 country of origin 및 HS code manage가 가능합니다. Product catalog entry가 country of origin determine에 preference를 가집니다.
For example, if product id:
294395was added to your catalog withCAas the country of origin but a request was sent withFRas the country of origin, theCAcountry of origin would take precedence and be used for determining any possible duty rates for that item.
We'll calculate the preferential duty rate with a qualified country of origin. By default, other trade agreements are not enabled because many times smaller exporters don't have proper documentation and processes in place to receive the eligible reduced rate for all trade agreements. Additional trade agreements can be applied to your landed cost calculation upon request. To enable additional trade agreement preferences, contact us for assistance.
Tariff selection
Small, medium, and even large companies don’t have their products harmonized very often. If they do, the products are usually only harmonized to the sixth digit. Additionally, the items may not have a country of origin. The majority of duty and tax calculators are unable to calculate duty and tax without an eight-digit code and a country of origin. Landed Cost can calculate duty, even in cases where data is incomplete.
Six-digit HS code만 available 시 calculation duty amount는 country-level HS code subset maximum dutiable HS code rate safety net을 사용합니다. Landed cost request에 maximum, median, minimum, zonos_preferred 전달로 API level control 가능합니다. Median tariff selection은 average calculate 대신 specific duty rate cleaner calculation을 allow합니다. Median tariff는 ordered list middle tariff calculation입니다. 아래 rate request median code example입니다.
{ "tariff_rate": "median"}Selecting an ad valorem tariff
An ad valorem rate is simply a percentage. Example of country-level ad valorem tariffs available if a six-digit code of 6109.90 is supplied:
| 6109.90↕ | Description↕ | Duty tariff (ad valorem)↕ |
|---|---|---|
| 6109.90.10 | T-shirt - Of man-made fibers | 32% MAXIMUM |
| 6109.90.15 | T-shirt - Of wool, with long sleeves | 5.6% |
| 6109.90.40 | T-shirt - Containing 70% or more silk | 2.6% MINIMUM |
| 6109.90.80 | T-shirt - Other | 16% MEDIAN |
In this example, by default, the maximum tariff 6109.90.10 would be used since it has the highest duty rate (32%). The landed cost object would return the six-digit HS code in items.hs_code and the duty percentage would be displayed in duties.formula.
{ "id": "ldct_1Ce6vt2eZvKYlo2CrgzPqxaz", "customs": { "amount_shipping": 20, "delivery_duty_paid": "available", "items": [ { "id": "294395", "amount": 75, "country_of_origin": "FR", "country_of_origin_source": "platform", "description_customs": "T-shirt - Of man-made fibers", "description_retail": "Stranger Things Women's T-shirt - Red", "detail": null, "dimensions": { "height": 1, "length": 1, "unit": "inch", "width": 1 }, "hs_code": "6109.90", "hs_code_source": "Account default HS code", "image_url": "https://zonos.com/images/handbag.webp", "note": null, "quantity": 1, "upc_code": null, "weight": 1, "weight_unit": "pound" } ] }, "duties": [ { "amount": 24, "description": "Duty", "formula": "32%", "item_id": "294395", "note": null, "type": "item" } ]}Do I need to harmonize my catalog to get a landed cost calculation?
No, a harmonized catalog is not required for calculating landed costs; however, it is recommended for more accurate calculations. If a harmonized code is not provided, the default HS code will be used, and a landed cost calculation will be provided.
Does Zonos offer catalog harmonization?
Zonos Classify offers on-demand HS code classifications, enabling you to harmonize your product catalog using advanced image recognition and country-specific HTS support.
Is there an interface or tool available to calculate import duty and taxes?
Zonos Quoter is available as a standalone application, so you can easily calculate duties and taxes without an integration. However, Landed Cost calculations are more accurate.
Is import duty applied to every order?
Not necessarily. It is very common for low-value shipments to be below the duty de minimis, which would indicate that duty is not applied to the import.
How many countries support sending a shipment Delivered Duty Paid (DDP)?
send a shipment DDP ability는 shipping carrier 및 service level에 depends합니다. DDP는 duty 및 tax retailer bill back process loosely term입니다. 모든 carrier가 Zonos landed cost calculate country 전체 DDP support하지 않습니다. Carrier DDP coverage는 international shipping carrier guides에 있습니다.
How is import duty calculated?
Import duty is calculated based on many factors including the destination country, the country of origin, the item HS code, possible de minimis thresholds, and other laws that affect the duty rate of an import. It's not always as straightforward as a single HS code tariff.
Single import 또는 shipment good value가 duty de minimis 미만이면 duty collection 없이 clear되지만 tax threshold가 duty threshold보다 낮으면 tax collect될 수 있습니다. Item value가 tax threshold 초과 duty threshold 미초과 가능하며 opposite은 country가 duty lower tax higher threshold 설정하지 않으므로 불가능합니다.
Who pays import duty?
Duty is typically paid by the Importer of Record (IOR). The IOR is the owner or purchaser of products being imported to a country. The IOR is responsible for ensuring the imported goods comply with local laws and regulations, filing a completed duty entry and associated documents required by the CBP (Customs Border Protection), and paying the import duties and taxes.
IOR는 일반적으로 import 시 imported goods ownership을 가진 person 또는 entity입니다.
In some instances, packages are shipped DDP. A retailer may want to send a package DDP if they have collected duties and taxes upfront from their customer, which can be done with Checkout or any of our Landed Cost products.
Import duty
Import duty 및 calculation 방법을 알아보세요.Import duty는 imported goods가 country에 arrival할 때 customs authority가 collect하는 fee입니다. Duty amount는 goods value 및 classification 기준으로 calculate되며 importing country regulation, trade agreement, duty de minimis에 따라 vary합니다.